REGENERACIÓN DE PLANTAS DE Tigridia pavonia (L.f.) DC., VÍA EMBRIOGÉNESIS SOMÁTICA

Abstract

Tigridia pavonia (L.f.) DC, belongs to the Iridaceae family. Generally, it is propagated by two ways: seeds and bulbs. However, seeds have low germination rate; regarding the bulb, after two years it is possible to obtain only four bulbs. Commercially important species or endangered species can propagate massively by in vitro propagation techniques, such as somatic embryogenesis (SE). The induction of somatic embryos was performed in six stages: Stage 1: germination of zygotic embryo was obtained 90% germination in six weeks. Stage 2: callus induction was observed at the seventh week of culture, using as explant, hypocotyls root axis in vitro plants. Stage 3: induction of somatic embryos (ES), was achieved by 42% in the four week, the start of the culture, in a medium without plant growth regulators (PGR). Stage 4: proliferation of ES was maintained through week 12 after initiation of culture. Stage 5: maturation of ES remained for six weeks, MS 100% medium with 3 mg L-1 gibberellic acid, light conditions, obtaining average of 10.9 embryos per explant. Stage 6: germination of somatic embryos was obtained 100% response to the seventh week after starting the culture. Adaptation of vitro plants in the greenhouse was achieved in 100% at three weeks. Histological analysis corroborated the cellular origin of somatic embryos. On average 10.9 plants were obtained from an explant at 39 weeks, exceeding the natural spread of Tigridia pavonia.